Ivan Shishkin, Rye (1878)

Problems/Real analysisUnreviewed

Résoudre un système de congruences quelconque

by mathman·
50
Difficulty scaleÉchelle de difficulté

This score reflects both the level of the required concepts and the difficulty of the solution.Ce score tient compte à la fois du niveau des notions nécessaires et de la difficulté de la résolution.

  1. 1–10First steps / middle schoolPremiers pas / collège
  2. 11–25Beginner / high schoolDébutant / lycée
  3. 26–50Intermediate / undergraduateIntermédiaire / licence
  4. 51–70Advanced / graduateAvancé / master
  5. 71–90Expert / specializedExpert / spécialisé
  6. 91–100Research levelNiveau recherche
These levels are approximate guides.Ces niveaux sont des repères approximatifs.
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Soient aa et bb , deux entiers >0>0 , distincts tels que pgcd(a,b)⁡=d\operatorname{pgcd(a,b)}=d

On cherche les solutions du système :
{x≡r1 [a]x≡r2 [b]\left\{ \begin{array}{rcr} x\equiv r_{1} \ [ a]\\ x\equiv r_{2} \ [ b]\\ \end{array} \right.où r1r_{1} et r2r_{2} sont des entiers aussi.

Montrez que:

  1. si r1≢r2 [d]r_{1}\not\equiv r_{2} \ [ d]
    alors il n’y a pas de solution

  2. si r1≡r2 [d]r_{1}\equiv r_{2} \ [ d] alors :

x≡r1+(r2−r1)(ad)φ(bd) [abd]\displaystyle x\equiv r_{1}+(r_{2}-r_{1})\left(\frac{a}{d}\right)^{\varphi(\frac{b}{d})}\ [\frac{ab}{d}]

ou (mais ça conduit au même résultat)

x≡r2+(r1−r2)(bd)φ(ad) [abd]\displaystyle x\equiv r_{2}+(r_{1}-r_{2})\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^{\varphi(\frac{a}{d})}\ [\frac{ab}{d}]

où φ\varphi est l’indicatrice d’Euler

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