Ivan Shishkin, Rye (1878)

Problems/General algebraUnreviewed

Valeurs rationelles de sin⁡(rπ)\sin(r\pi)

by Uettechat·
37
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Déterminer les r∈Qr\in\mathbb{Q} tels que sin⁡(rπ)∈Q\sin(r\pi)\in\mathbb{Q}

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Solution by Uettechat

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On admet (voir problèmes liés) que les r∈Qr\in\mathbb{Q} tels que cos⁡(rπ)∈Q\cos(r\pi)\in \mathbb{Q} est l’ensemble 13Z∪12Z\frac{1}{3}\mathbb{Z} \cup \frac{1}{2}\mathbb{Z}
Ainsi, si sin⁡(rπ)∈Q\sin(r\pi)\in \mathbb{Q}, alors sin⁡2(rπ)=1−cos⁡2(rπ)=1−cos⁡(2rπ)+12∈Q\sin^{2}(r\pi)=1-\cos^{2}(r\pi)=1-\frac{\cos(2r\pi)+1}{2} \in \mathbb{Q}.
Donc cos⁡(2rπ)∈Q\cos(2r\pi) \in \mathbb{Q}.
Ainsi, r∈16Z∪14Zr\in\frac{1}{6}\mathbb{Z} \cup \frac{1}{4}\mathbb{Z} .

Réciproquement, seuls les rr dans 16Z∪(12+Z)\frac{1}{6}\mathbb{Z} \cup \left(\frac{1}{2} + \mathbb{Z}\right) vérifient sin⁡(rπ)∈Q\sin(r\pi)\in \mathbb{Q}.

On en conclut que l’ensemble des solutions est 16Z∪(12+Z)\frac{1}{6}\mathbb{Z} \cup \left(\frac{1}{2} + \mathbb{Z}\right).

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